Shimadzu UV160U Spectrophotometer
Physics
<h3>Physical Description</h3>
The spectrophotometer consists of four sections; a screen, a touchpad, a glass sample bay, a light bay, and a power control section. The spectrophotometer is similarly built to an early computer with the processing system as a base with a screen and touchpad on the top of the base. The processing system’s base is black metal before transitioning to a cream-colored metal. The power control section is the lowest control on the machine, near the base on the left side. There is an on/off switch in yellow, a fuse dial that is SA(100~117V) to 3A(220~240V), an AC power plug, and a small black dial. On the top of the base, to the left of the keypad, is a light bay. The light bay has a glass covering. Within the light bay, there is a light source, a focusing element, a sample bay, a second focusing element, a light dispersing element, and a CCD array. This is all visual while peering into the compartment. Over the light bay, in the top left corner, is a small printer that uses a receipt-like paper. In the middle of the base top is the keypad. Dividing the keypad into three sections, left, middle, and right, there are about 11 individual pads, not including the number pad. On the left starting at the top left the column is File, Mode, Auto Zero, Return, Yes and No, in the order read like a book. In the middle, there is the typical number pad found on the calculator and then enter pad. On the right going in the same order as the left, there is the Copy, Chart Feed, arrow to the left (-), arrow to the right, and the START/STOP pad. Above the keypads is a monitor screen. On the front right side of the processing unit, there is the manufacturing permanent label. a silver manufacturing plate in Japanese and English on the side to the right. At the back right corner of the processing unit is a large air vent.
<h3>Functional Description</h3>
The Shimadzu UV160U Spectrophotometer works by placing a sample into the testing bay before turning it on. Once the sample is placed, the machine may be turned on to run the sample. The light bulb will shine a light that will be directed through two monochromators, these are film that focuses the light into a single wavelength. The double-focused ray of light is redirected in two directions towards the sample cell side and the reference cell side. The beams of light are both directed to the detector, which is processed by the computer. The computer will then will display the model that is preset using the keypad below the screen. Once results are reviewed they can be printed onto the slip above the sample bay for filing.
<p>A more thorough explanation is available in the C101-E142 UV Talk Letter Vol. 16 [see PDF with images]</p>
Emma Wade, Steven Walton, and Robin Chosa
Shimadzu
1985
Japanese
Physical Object
UV-160U; Cat No. 204-04550-51, Serial No. A11429030004
Forestry, Botany, Chemistry, Physics, 20th century, 21st century, medical
Monroe High Speed Adding Calculator (<span>LA5-160x)</span>
Mathematics; Business; Physics; Engineering
<h3>Physical Description</h3>
<p>The calculator generally comprises three main parts: the main housing, the keypad, and the output carriage.<br /><br />The main housing for the calculator is rectangular as seen from the top, with one pale green slanted face on the front where the keypad is located, similar to a typewriter or cash register. The main housing is a shiny dark green in color with the appearance of a scale-like texture. On the bottom of the main housing are four feet which are steel with a rubber boot. On the front of the main housing, just below the slanted face, a "T" shaped knob protrudes. The knob has a small polished aluminum shaft (15mm long, 6mm diameter) with small black enamel handles (12mm long). Then, on the face to the right of the slanted face (when viewed straight on as if operating) is a knurled aluminum knob about 25mm in diameter. On the back of the calculator (opposite the slanted face) is an electrical connector that is on the right side of the calculator. Lastly, there are "MONROE" logos with yellow letters outlined in red on the front face below the slanted face and centered on the back, under both of which there are the words "HIGH SPEED ADDING CALCULATOR" in yellow. The logo on the back is much larger, while the logo on the front is about half the size and positioned towards the right. Additionally, on the bottom of the calculator in the center is a yellow tag that has the same logo in black letters with additional product information writtten below it.<br /><br />Housed on the slanted face is the keypad. This pale green panel contains a 10x8 array of white buttons (6mm diam.) with black numerals, 0 through 9. Each column starts with a zeroing key at the bottom and increases to nine at the topmost row. To the right of the number pad is another column of various buttons. Starting at the top is the subtraction button (with an inscribed - symbol) which is long, rectangular (35mm long, 13mm wide), and black in color. Directly below that is the addition button (with an inscribed + symbol) with the same shape, orientation, and color. Under that is a 6mm diameter red button that has no symbol. Then under that is another 6mm diameter red button with a darker red "R" on it. Last below that button is a larger red button (14mm diameter) with a pale green zero. The final component on the front panel is a small aluminum lever directly to the left of the left-most "1" button that stands 10mm tall.<br /><br />At the top rear is the output carriage. The carriage is primarily the same dark shiny green as the main body. The carriage is a triangular prism in shape with one of the long flat faces facing the operator, which is at the same angle as the input panel. On this primary face are two rows of small windows (5mm tall and 4mm wide). The bottom row closest to the number pad consists of 16 windows, while the top row consists of 8 windows that are directly above the eight rightmost widows of the bottom rows. Inside each of the windows are black numbers (on the top row, there is also a set of red numbers for subtraction) on a white roller much like a slot machine. Directly above the lower set of windows is a rail with yellow numbers above each window, starting with one on the left and ending with 16 on the right. Along this rail is a set of 5 brass sliders with very small knobs (3mm diameter) that are attached to red arrows that point down towards the lower set of windows. Directly above this rail and below the upper set of windows is another shorter rail that matches the shorter number of windows. This rail has eight numbers and one slider that points upwards. A large steel knob (15mm in diameter) is to the right of these rails. Lastly, on the right face of the carriage is a crank with a dark wooden knob about 10mm in diameter with a polished aluminum arm (20mm long).</p>
<h3>Functional Description<strong><strong><br /></strong></strong></h3>
<p>The purpose of this calculator is complete simple arithmetic such as adding, subtracting, multiplying, and dividing.</p>
<p>Before doing any calculations, users will need to reset the registers (number windows on the carriage). Operators can do this by rotating the crank attached to the carriage until the register reads zero.</p>
<p>For adding, users type in the first number into the keypad by depressing the corresponding buttons, where the number furthest to the right is the smallest digit (which could represent a decimal). Then, the user shall click the plus button causing an electric motor to spin and load the number into the lower register (the longest set of windows). After that, users type the next number to which they would like to add in the same manner. Then, after selecting the add button, the value in the lower register will be the sum that the user is looking for.</p>
<p>For subtracting, the user should perform a similar process where they type in the larger of the two numbers and then press the add button to add the larger value to the register. After that, operators should input the subtracting value into the keypad. Then the user shall select the subtraction key, causing the motor to spin in the opposite direction. This will yield the desired difference in the lower register.</p>
<p>For multiplication, the user must input the larger value into the number pad. The operators shall select the red key with an R. This locks the number so that after the addition key is selected, the number pad will not reset. If the small number of the multiplication is less than ten, the user shall select the addition key as many times as the smaller number. The upper register will count the number of times the user has selected the addition key, and the lower register will display the product.</p>
<p>If the smaller number happens to be larger than ten, the user can select the add key for the smallest digit of the smaller number, and then they can shift the entire carriage with the T-shaped knob so that they add to the power of ten more. Operators should repeat this process until the upper register shows the smaller number of the multiplication, and the resultant in the lower register will be the product.</p>
<p>Operators can perform division in the same manner as a multiplication; however, they shall input the larger number into the lower register. Then, they can use the subtraction key instead of the addition key until the lower register reads as close to zero as possible (remainders may exist). The operator can then read the result of the division in the upper register in red numbers.</p>
<p>In addition, the calculator has some extra useful functions. One is at the bottom of each column is a zeroing button which can be used to clear a column if the incorrect value is selected. Similarly, there is a larger read zeroing buttons that clear the whole number pad. Another feature is a small lever that users can move to hold down the leftmost one on the number pad. This will cause the leftmost digit in the register to count the number of additions or subtractions performed. Another functional feature is the set of sliders on the registers. Ultimately, these sliders are used for the reference of the user and are often used for dealing with decimal numbers where the digits furthest to the right are the smallest decimal value or unit of precision. Lastly, there is a knob on the right side of the calculator that can be used to spin the motor and perform calculations without electricity. In this case, the knob shall be rotated clockwise to add and counterclockwise to subtract.<strong><br /></strong></p>
Isaac Couling
1940-1950
English
Physical Object
no accession number
United States of America
Pressure Gage Testing Apparatus
gauges; steam engineering; mechanical engineering; boilers
<h4>Physical Description</h4>
A brass pressure gauge testing apparatus kit inside a fitted wooden case. The kit consists of a wooden base, brass cylinders, a reflective metallic weigh plate, four bolts, an oil pan, two notepads, and a steel wrench. <br /><br />The main brass body of the instrument is composed of 3 cylinders: 1) a main upright cylinder with threaded cap that is removed to insert the weigh plate; 2) an L-shaped arm with a horizontal cylinder perpendicular to the main one whose diameter varies by about 10mm and a 90° upward bend, terminating in a threaded opening; and 3) an upright diagonal cylinder that has a threaded adjustment arm within for adjusting pressure inside the apparatus during the testing of a pressure gauge. The L-shaped arm has a valve release knob on its horizontal portion and a threaded top on its vertical portion where a threaded pressure gauge attaches. <br /><br />The rest of the kit is organized in engineered slots for all of the components. The instrument fits snugly within the wooden case, the metallic weigh plate is held in place on the wooden kit base with 3 adjustable wooden pegs. Four pressure gauge adapters for different thread combinations fit into four wooden holes to the right of the wooden kit base, and the oil pan fits just underneath an oil release valve on the horizontal portion of the L-shaped arm. In addition, notepads and a wrench are kept in the case, but without dedicated spots. <br /><br />The wooden case itself has a single metal latch on the front face and a handle on the top. It is marked with a Michigan College of Mining and Technology property tag underneath the latch that reads “MCMT-1 741 1” ,which places the date of acquisition of this instrument between 1925 and 1967, the period in which out university bore that name. (A paper tag that reads “5” attached with cellophane tape is presumably just a collection number for the MEEM department records). <br /><br />There are several inscriptions engraved on the instrument. On the top of the wooden base at the rear there is “1073” likely indicating a production number, the 1073rd apparatus to come out of production from Crosby Steam Gage & Valve Co. On the main upright cylinder is engraved “PAT. MAR 11 1884”, signifying the date a U.S. patent was granted. On the knob of the perpendicular cylinder, “DRAIN” and “OPEN” are on the flat faces to signify the position on the internal drain valve. “X” appears on both of the small side faces of the knob to signify the stoppage of oil flow. The inside face on the spout of the oil pan also has an engraving “PAT. U.S.A. DEVERALL’S”, signifying the producer of the pan.
<h4>Functional Description</h4>
The instrument is intended to be attached to pressure gauges on steam engines and other steam machinery with pressure gauge displays to test their accuracy. <br /><br />To properly use the instrument, one would unscrew the cap on the main upright brass cylinder and insert the metallic weight plate. Then, they would select one of the four adapters that matches the threading type and size (they take the ¾-16 thread to either 13mm(male), 13mm(female), 9mm(female), or 4mm(male)) of the pressure gauge to be tested and screw that into the receptacle at the end of the L-arm. The kit-provided wrench may be used to tighten the bolt, and a weight (not included with the kit) would be placed on top of the metallic weigh plate. The threaded adjustment arm in the diagonal cylinder would then be screwed in or out to bleed off the appropriate amount of pressure as to not launch the weigh plate off of the apparatus, and the pressure gauge would then be screwed into the aforementioned bolt on the perpendicular arm to begin testing. The results would then be recorded on the provided notepad. Oil that collects inside the apparatus from the steam is periodically drained into the provided pan and refilled as necessary to prevent pressure buildup or malfunction in the instrument. <br /><br />It is not known the methods for which the threaded pressure adjustment arm in the diagonal cylinder are properly used, as there are no provided instructions or documentation with the instrument or available in records online. It can be assumed that the calculations for how much pressure to release when testing are able to be performed by hand based on the amount of pressure the gauge being tested is responsible for.
Peyton Hall
c.1884
physical object
English
MTU (MCMT) property tag 17411. MEEM Inventory #5
United States of America
Ainsworth's Manual
Engineering
Robert A. Neault ('38) Collection
Steven A. Walton
1911
Text
English
Methods-Time Measurement Application Data card
efficiency
ergonomics
The data on this card was a mature version of the "MTM" or "Methods-Time Measurement" movement pioneered by Herold Bright Maynard, John Lenhard Schwab and Gustave James Stegemerten in the early twentieth century. These men built on the fundamental scientific management work of Frank B. Gilbreth (1868–1924). In his building contracting work he developed measurement and time-motion studies to optimize the efficiency of work movements, both to make the job faster and simultaneously require less energy from the worker, as well as to also to maximize profits for the company. <br /><br />For the modern manifestation of this, see <a href="https://mtm.org/en/">MTM (METHODS-TIME MEASUREMENT) e.V.</a> association, from Hamburg, Germany
Steven A. Walton
Methods Engineering Council, Pittsburgh, PA
1950
Physical Object
English
Protractor-Square
drafting
Robert A. Neault ('38) Collection
A white plastic protractor connected to a right angle square, allowing for dimension and angle drawing. The window below the protractor is has slightly non-parallel long edges that diverge at about 2-3˚. <a href="https://patents.google.com/patent/USD93979S/en">Design patent no. 93,979</a>—meaning it was ornamental only, not claiming any conceptual innovation—for this instrument was filed on March 27, 1934 and issued to by Robert S. Grant of Providence, RI on Dec. 4 that same year. (Grant would also receive d design patent in 1949 for an ornamental circular drawing insrtument featuring protractor, various geometric shapes and curves, parallel line slots, and a line of holes that allowed the user to draw a limited number of circles/arcs; <a href="https://patents.google.com/patent/USD156504S/en">Design pat. no. 156,540</a>).
Steven A. Walton
after late 1934
Physical Object
English
Ames Lettering Instrument 1760
drafting
Robert A. Neault ('38) Collection
Steven A. Walton
1930s?
Physical Object
English
Dietzgen "Champion" Drawing Set
drafting
Robert A. Neault ('38) collection
Steven A. Walton
after 1938
Physical Object
K&E Log Log Duplex Slide Rule
Robert A. Neault ('38) Collection
Steven A. Walton
1930s
Physical Object
English
K&E Stadia Slide Rule
Robert A. Neault ('38) Collection
Steven A. Walton
btw. 1900 and 1938
Physical Object
English