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Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Physics
Description
An account of the resource
Historic scientific instruments held by the Department of Physics, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, MI, USA.
Physical Object
Use this field for any solid object.
Physical Dimensions
The actual physical size of the original image
<em>*Referring to the front of the box being the locking side and the measurements being inturpreted from left to right*<br /></em><br /><strong>Tube Dimensions:</strong> 155 cm Long. Diameters of outermost feature of glass from leftmost to right: 33.15mm 53.54mm 34.01mm Bulb - 29.8cm circumference 33.64mm 51.80mm 33.43mm Tube Mass 984.4 grams<br /><br /><strong>Box dimensions:</strong> 162.5cm Length x 14.5cm Height x 15.2cm Width. Box wall thickness at 1cm and holding blocks thickness at 2cm. Distance between holding blocks 138.5cm. Height of holding blocks 17.8cm *<em>Referring to the front of the box being the locking side and the blocks being numbered from left to right</em>. Distance between storage blocks 1 and 2 is 61.3cm. Distance between storage blocks 2 and 3 is 83.3cm. Distance between locks 1 and 2 is 61.8cm. Distance between locks 2 and 3 is 60.3cm. Glass sections Width - 9.2cm Length - 48.7cm<br /><br /><br /><strong>Random items:</strong> Traces of excelsior (shredded fluffy wood) which was possibly used to ship the item.<br />String attached to storage block 2 Bottom of box is unfinished Strange piece of wood found in the box
Materials
<strong>Tube:</strong> Primarily glass filled with a currently unknown gas, as well as a unknown liquid. Two electrodes made of a currently unidentifiable metal, but however thought to be platinum coated. (Contents are all inside glass tubes and cannot be physically tested without destroying the instrument) <br /><br /><strong>Box:</strong> Wood, glass, felt, and brass
Maker
Cenco - Central Scientific Company, Chicago Illinois
Inscriptions
<p>Inventory numbers on box: 0066 or 9900 | 74500 <br /><br /><strong><strong>Included Slip: </strong></strong>Inventory Numbers on slip: 5700 | 74500<br />"Description: Cenco Gleisser Tube for demonstrating the ionization of a gas under a the influence of a high potential. 155cm long. (An <span style="text-decoration:underline;">irreplaceable</span> eleaborate piece of glass blowing.)"<br /><br />Rec'd <span style="text-decoration:underline;"> HH </span> Cost <span style="text-decoration:underline;"> $200 </span><br />The cost was crossed out with the word void above it (See photo)</p>
History of the Object
This Geissler tube was made by Cenco in Chicago IL. It is undated, however due to a purchase slip for the piece containing both MTU and MCMT (standing for Michigan Technological University and Michigan College of Mining and Technology, respectively) it was likely purchased in the 1960s, around the time Michigan Tech changed its name for the final time. Cenco or Central Scientific Company was created in 1900 out of the former Olmstad Scientific Company which was destroyed in a fire. Cenco sold scientific education equipment through a mail order catalogue.
Age - 40+ years old purchased back when MTU had the name MCMT, bought for $200 adjusted for inflation about $1600 today.
Location
The location of the interview
Physics Department
Bibliography
<ul><li>Greenslade, Jr. Thomas B. "<a href="http://physics.kenyon.edu/EarlyApparatus/Static_Electricity/Geissler_Tubes/Geissler_Tubes.html.">Geissler Tubes</a>." Kenyon College Physics. Accessed March 22, 2017. [2024: URL is down, but top page is at <a href="https://physics.kenyon.edu/EarlyApparatus/">https://physics.kenyon.edu/EarlyApparatus/</a>]</li>
<li>"<a href="https://www.crtsite.com/page6.html">Geissler tubes. The first page, discharge light</a>," <em>The Cathode Ray Tube site</em>. Accessed March 21, 2024. [lots of images of functioning tubes]</li>
</ul>
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Geissler Tube
Description
An account of the resource
<h2>Physical Description</h2>
This Geissler tube is approximately 155 centimeters long and weighs 984.4 grams or about 2.17 pounds. The outer tube is made up of symmetric sections of long tubes with a large bulb at the center. These sections themselves contain smaller sections of various tubes and bulbs. These smaller sections hold the conducting fluids and rare gases that when electrified create different colors of light. These smaller sections of glass tubing were made to be attention grabbing with swirling, spiraling and zig-zagging shapes. <br /><p><br /><strong>Condition:</strong> Damaged, electrical damage that blackened one side and knocked the platinum electrodes loose. The instrument may possibly work with a tesla field. This Geissler tube is missing the small wires that should extend from both ends to allow it to be hooked up to a power source.</p>
<h2><br />Functional Use</h2>
A Geissler tube is a gas discharge tube that lights up or fluoresces when a current is applied to the electrodes at either end of the tube. Geissler tubes were a novelty used for entertainment, but could also be used for demonstrations in classes like physics or chemistry. They were also used as high voltage indicators because they light up without contact when brought near a high voltage alternating current. Unfortunately this Geissler tube has a broken electrode on one end and is inoperable. To use the Geissler tube, the user must apply high voltage across the electrodes on each end of the glass tube. When a current is applied and flows through the tube, an electrical field is created between the two electrodes. In general, any free electrons in an electrical field will accelerate from the negative electrode towards the positive electrode. The electrons in the tube accelerating from the negative electrode to the positive electrode, will collide with the gas molecules in the tube. This collision may cause the electrons to give some of their energy to the gas molecules they are colliding with causing the gas molecules jump to a higher energy or excited state. The gas molecules do not stay in their excited state, instead they get rid of their excess energy by emitting their excess energy as light. The energy that is emitted is equal to the difference in energy between the gas molecule’s normal state and excited state. This energy determines which color of light will be emitted. The energy of the light is inversely related to the wavelength of the light and the wavelength of the light emitted is associated with a certain color of light. For example, Mercury vapor (Hg) can emit purple, blue, green or yellow color lights depending on how big the energy gap is between its excited and normal state. If the energy gap, and therefore the energy emitted is very large, Mercury will emit a purple light which has a shorter wavelength. Conversely if the energy emitted is smaller, Mercury will emit a green or yellow light which both have longer wavelengths. Although they have used almost all kinds of gasses in experimentation, Noble gasses such as Argon and Neon were favored for Geissler tubes as they are easier gasses to excite and produced a greater spectra (glowing light). Different gases have specific colors of light they can emit and so the color that the Geissler tube lights up depends on the gas inside of it.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Elisha Earley, TJ Johnston, Nick Littlefield, John Medley, and Anna Polk
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
Procured around the 1960's. Purchased back when Michigan Tech was transitioning names from Michigan College of Mining and Technology (MCMT) to Michigan Technological University (MTU)
Subject
The topic of the resource
Physics
Language
A language of the resource
English
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Physical Object
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
United States
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
No accession number
Chemistry
entertainment
fun
Gas
Gasses
Geissler
Hg
Mercury
Noble
novelty
physics
Tube
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Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Physics
Description
An account of the resource
Historic scientific instruments held by the Department of Physics, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, MI, USA.
Physical Object
Use this field for any solid object.
Physical Dimensions
The actual physical size of the original image
Outer Frame: 163 x 43.5 x 9 cm
Outer Diameter of coil: 30.5cm
Inner Diameter of coil: 23cm
Thickness of coil: 4cm
Corner of frame to attachment point of coil: 20cm
Weight: 37lbs (approx)
Gear Diameters: 8cm
Number of gears: 7
Total width (width rotator and gear rotor): 63cm
Pitch of the gear: 4mm
Materials
Wood, Brass, Copper, Aluminium, Plastic
Maker
Charles Edouard Joseph Delezenne
History of the Object
History at MTU: Dean Fisher, for which Fisher Hall is named, was a professor of Physics in the 1920s-1940s. The exact history of the device is unknown, but it’s reasonable to assume due to the apparent age of the device as well as Fisher’s research interests, that Dean Fisher may have made use of it as a teaching device in the first Geophysics classes that were added to the school’s catalog in the 1930s. The course catalogs from that time period list course B110, or Geophysics, specifically mention that “magnetic, gravitational, elastic, thermic, and radio-activity methods [of prospecting] will be studied.” The Earth Inductor could be one of the pieces of prospecting equipment used in the four hour a week field portion of the class, drawing on Dean Fisher’s famous use of earth resistors to determine approximate mineral composition of the earth below. [2] History before MTU: This instrument appears to have been custom-made for use by MTU faculty in order to demonstrate mutual inductance [3]. The build of the device is very similar to two stacked “Earth Inductors”, with a gear system forcing coupled motion. Research into similar dual-coil models has come up short, as this instrument was most likely made uniquely for use at the university. The earth inductor, or Delezenne’s Circle, was first developed by Charles Edouard Joseph Delezenne in the 1840’s, and documented in his paper, “Notions élémentaire sur les phénoménes d'induction”, published in the 1844 edition of <em>Memoirs of the Society of Sciences, Agriculture and Arts of Lille</em> (pp 1-132). Delezenne’s text was published in French only, but the title translates roughly to “Basic notions about induction phenomena.” Delezenne’s instrument was developed to be used as a tool for explaining the phenomenon of induction, discovered by Michael Faraday, to students. In the introduction to his text, he states, “It seemed to me, then, that young students, novices still in the study of the somewhat elevated parts of science, but wishing to learn the induction phenomena discovered by Mr. Faraday, needed to be prepared for fruitful reading.” (Original French: “Il m'a donc semblé que de jeunes étudiants, novices encore dans l'étude des parties un peu élevées de la science, mais désireux de s'initier aux phénomènes d'induction découverts par M. Faraday, avaient besoin d'être préparés pour lire avec fruit. [1]”)
Location
The location of the interview
Michigan Tech Physics Department
Bibliography
[1]Delezenne, C. E. (1844). Notions élémentaire sur les phénoménes d'induction.<em> Mémoires de la Société des sciences, de l'agriculture et des arts de Lille</em>,23, 1-132. Retrieved March 1, 2017, from <a href="http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k5518284b/f1n468.texteBrut" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k5518284b/f1n468.texteBrut</a> <br /><br />[2] Course Catalog for Fall 1937. Houghton, MI: Michigan College of Mining and Technology, 1937 <br /><br />[3] Young, Charles F. Interview by Luke Weidner. Personal interview. Michigan Tech, February 16, 2017.
Inscriptions
none
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Earth Inductor
Subject
The topic of the resource
Physics; Electromagnetism
Description
An account of the resource
<h2>Physical Description</h2>
A rectangular, lengthwise symmetric, wood frame (163cm X 43.5cm) that houses two rings (inner diam. 23cm, outer diam. 30.5cm), one on each side of the line of symmetry, which acts as spindles for wire. The frame is held together with brass fittings and brass screws. A newer-looking aluminum crank centered on one long side of the frame is connected by a shaft to a set of seven numbered brass gears (diam. 8cm) along the opposite side of the frame. The gears rotate the spindles 360° while keeping them parallel. Each spindle, around which wire can be coiled over 100 times, has a commutator through which an electric current can be measured. <br /><h2>Functional Description</h2>
The instrument demonstrates Faraday’s Law of Induction, which states that a changing magnetic field (in direction or in magnitude) passing through a circuit generates an electromotive force, or voltage, in the circuit. The Earth Inductor instrument uses earth’s magnetic field, which is approximately constant in time but varies by location, to induce a current in a coil of wire. The operator turns the handle, rotating the wooden circle containing the coils of wire, which causes the amount of magnetic flux passing through the coil to change based on its angle with respect to earth’s magnetic field. An ammeter connected to the metal terminals records the generated electric field through time, and the angle of earth’s magnetic field lines can then be determined based on the angle of the coil at which the maximum electric field is measured. The large number of turns of wire in the coil, over 1000 turns, amplifies the resulting current because the observed electric field is proportional to the number of wire turns. Earth’s magnetic field is relatively weak, normally requiring very sensitive instruments to measure. Mutual inductance is a second phenomenon demonstrated by the earth inductor, and is the reason for having two connected coils. The current generated by a single coil from earth’s field is not constant with time, and therefore generates its own independent magnetic field. This secondary field influences the electric field of a secondary, distant coil, and the difference between the primary induction and the secondary induction can be measured.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Ajay Vasu, Zane Barker, Daniel Ratkos, Luke Weidner, Lindsey Wells
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1920-1940
Language
A language of the resource
English
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
physical object
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
United States
Electromagnetism
geophysics
induction
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Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Physics
Description
An account of the resource
Historic scientific instruments held by the Department of Physics, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, MI, USA.
Physical Object
Use this field for any solid object.
Materials
brass, steel, insulator (fibre)
Maker
unknown
History of the Object
"Secohmmeter" is a meter for measuring self-induction (what is today simpy called inductance), a quantity measured by the "secohm" or "second-ohm" [i.e., resistance unit], also known as the "Henry" (after Joseph Henry), or "<strong>H</strong>": <span>the inductance induced in a circuit by a rate of change of </span>current<span> of one amp </span><span>per </span>second <span>and a resulting </span>electromotive force<span> of one </span>volt.
Physical Dimensions
The actual physical size of the original image
[base] 25.5 x 11.3 x 2.2 cm
[brass box] 19.1 x 10.3 x 7.0 cm
[shaft] 21 cm x 0.9cm diam
Inscriptions
none
Location
The location of the interview
Physics storage
Bibliography
<span>Ayrton, W. and J. Perry, "</span>The Secohmmeter," <i>Nature</i><span> </span>36, no. 919 <span> (1887)</span>: <span>129–132. DOI:</span><a class="vglnk" href="https://www.nature.com/articles/036129a0"><span>10</span><span>.</span><span>1038</span><span>/</span><span>036129a0</span></a>.<br />"<a href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/1763105" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">A New Form of Secohmmeter</a>," <em>Science </em>13, no. 325 (Apr. 26, 1889): 313-315 []
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Secohmmeter (inductance measurement)
Subject
The topic of the resource
Physics
Inductance
Description
An account of the resource
<p align="center"><strong>April 2021: this device has been reidentified as a secohmmeter and will be updated with information soon. Exciting find!</strong></p>
<p>Physical Description: Rectangular brass box with removable lid on top of black iron base. Brass box is mostly hollow. A shaft with a heavy wheel on it runs through the box; the wheel is inside the box. On either side of the box, centered around the shaft, are braces that hold four thin metal arms which contact a cylinder set around the shaft. Paired letters BR and BA are arranged radially around the long-end brace; letters GA and BA are arranged radially around the short-end brace. The shaft is not centered in the box; it is mounted about a quarter of the way toward one end. It also protrudes about twice as far on one side than the other. The long end is capped by a wider cylinder that has a groove running around it that appears to fit a belt. The base has four holes in the corners for mounting.</p>
<p><strong>Functional description</strong>: If the object is in fact a rheometer, it is used by attaching a belt to the cylinder and rotating it while the box is filled with a liquid or slurry. The thin metal arms pass over differently-colored squares on the shaft when it is spun, which could serve to measure the reaction of the contents to the force exerted by the wheel. The primary issue with this theory is that the box was not sealed; holes in the sides for screws have too large of tolerances to prevent fluid from leaking. However, this may be caused by missing parts or a niche feature unique to this device.</p>
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Lynette Webber and Shaina Royer with cataloging by Timothy Maze, Liam Anderson, Zach Nicholas, Peter Amundsen
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
in use from 1890–1920
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Given its lack of markings, it was possibly constructed at Michigan Tech.
Language
A language of the resource
English
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
physical object
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
United States
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Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Physics
Description
An account of the resource
Historic scientific instruments held by the Department of Physics, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, MI, USA.
Physical Object
Use this field for any solid object.
Physical Dimensions
The actual physical size of the original image
Open: 45.5cm x 18.5cm x 10cm Closed: 22.5cm x 12cm x 10cm
Materials
wood (white oak), metal, glass, plastic, leather, cardboard
Maker
Leeds & Northrup Company, Philadelphia, PA
Inscriptions
[top, riveted plate] PATENTED | LEEDS & NORTHRUP CO. | PHILADELPHIA | SER. NO. 154126 | MADE IN USA
[top, plastic cap] LEEDS & NORTHRUP CO. | PHILADELPHIA
[on lock] AD
[case top, screwed on brass plate] MCMT-8885
[case side, labels] 2900 | 41491
[scale] [black]17 to [red] 17 by 0.1 | LEEDS & NORTHRUP CO.
Location
The location of the interview
Fisher Hall, physics storage
History of the Object
Leeds & Northrup was founded in 1899 by Morris F. Leeds, and reincorporated as "Leeds & Northrup Co." in 1903, so this must date from after that. The Michigan College of Mining Technology (MCMT) became Michigan
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Portable Galvanometer
Subject
The topic of the resource
Physics Demonstration
Description
An account of the resource
<strong>Physical Description<br /></strong>Object comes in a wooden box. Box has a hinged lid and can be locked. Lock is made of metal with two screws on the face holding it to the side of the box. A leather strap is attached to the side of the box by the lock. There is a parchment tag attached to the leather strap. The strap connects to the box on two opposing sides with each side using two metal screws with washers to hold an end of the strap to the box. There is a brass placard on top of the lid of the box. On one side of the bottom of the box there are two numbers printed. The bottom of the box has four feet. There is a detachable curved metal piece that has cardboard slotted into one side. The cardboard has numbers written on it with tick marks below certain numbers. The actual instrument consists of a hinged scope affixed to a metal base. A knob behind the scope rotates a mirror that is positioned below the scope. The scope has a metal circular piece attached to the top. Two metal screws with holes are mounted behind the hinge of the scope. A brass knob is attached to the metal base and contains a water bubble. A solid, locking white oak case with leather handle encloses a elctrical-telescopic instrument. <br /><br /><strong>Functional Description<br /></strong>The box serves to protect the scope along with holding the metal measuring card. The knob on the metal base serves as level. The knob on the back of the scope is presumed to rotate a hanging mirror inside the scope. The exact function of the scope is unknown since it appears that it requires power (electrical) to function properly. <br />The case is opened 180˚ and the whole unit is leveled using the bubble level (the brass bullseye) on the rear part of the apparatus. The curved scale is attached to the inside of open top to use as a target and the telescopic eyepiece is raised up from the box. Two binding posts at the front of the instrument must take electrical leads to provide (variable) voltage or current to the sample cell, which appears to be the central black cylinder. Somehow the electricity will cause light to be refracted differently and the split prism below the eyepiece can then be used to read a number from ±17 (units?) to be read.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Gary Spikberg, Andrew Merdzinski, Andrew Stanley, Nick Lesko with additions by Steven A. Walton
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Collection of Historic Scientific instruments at Harvard: <a href="http://waywiser.fas.harvard.edu/objects/14242/portable-galvanometer-with-telescope?ctx=24a8fbe0-083a-41ea-a973-5b23ad2b5882&idx=52">portable galvanometer with telescope</a>
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1910
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
physical object
Language
A language of the resource
English
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
Serial Number: 154126
Exterior of Box top: G3 | MCMT-8885
Exterior of Box bottom: 2900 41481
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Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Physics
Description
An account of the resource
Historic scientific instruments held by the Department of Physics, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, MI, USA.
Physical Object
Use this field for any solid object.
Physical Dimensions
The actual physical size of the original image
Base: 15cm x 6 cm x 15cm
Arm: 1cm x 24cm x 1cm
Top Ring: 6cm x 3cm x 6cm
Bottom Ring: 7.25 cm x 1.75cm x 7.25 cm
Materials
cast iron, glass, frosted glass, steel
Maker
Gaertner Scientific Corporation, Chicago, IL
Inscriptions
[lid] 75001 6050
[placard] The | GAERTNER | SCIENTIFIC CORPORATION | Chicago U.S.A
Location
The location of the interview
Fisher Hall, Physics storage
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Light Refactor(?)
Subject
The topic of the resource
Physics Demonstration
Description
An account of the resource
<strong>Physical Description</strong><br />Object has a black cast iron base that is a cylinder with a hollow center. The inside of the cylinder is lined with felt. A metal lid covers the hollow center and a circular glass lens sits in the center of the lid. The lid has numbers painted onto it with a black and gold placard with the inscription of the maker of the object along with the city and country of origin. On one side of the base there is a hole that a metal cradle sits in. A frosted glass lens sits in the cradle. A metal arm is attached at the base directly opposite the cradle. The arm is attached at a 30 degree angle. The arm has two metal rings connected to it with each ring at a different unique height. Both rings are made of cast iron and have fittings that allow them to slide on the arm. The fittings also have metal thumb screws that secure the rings at a given position on the arm. The two rings themselves are not the same. The ring on the bottom has a glass lens spanning the center with two metal poles sticking up on the ring. The poles are symmetrical in terms of position on the ring edge. The ring on the top of the arm contains a glass prism that sits inside a metal knob that can be rotated. Numbers are etched onto the surface of the ring. <br /><br /><strong>Functional Description<br /></strong>The device appears to have been used for showing the effects of light that has been passed through a prism at modular angles. The ring at the top of the arm can be used to rotate the glass prism and the numbers on the edge of the ring can be used to align the prism to specific degrees. The ring below contains two metal prongs that can be used to hold an object in place above the glass center. The glass cradle on the base is used to diffuse light onto the lid of the base.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Gary Spikberg, Andrew Merdzinski, Andrew Stanley, Nick Lesko with additions by Steven Walton
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
mid-20th century
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
Physical Object
Language
A language of the resource
English
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Physics Demonstration
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
Property tag: MCMT-8121
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
USA
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Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Physics
Description
An account of the resource
Historic scientific instruments held by the Department of Physics, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, MI, USA.
Physical Object
Use this field for any solid object.
Materials
brass, copper, insulator, wood, steel
Maker
Cambridge Scientific Instrument Co. Ltd., Cambridge, UK
Inscriptions
[top] Cambridge Scientific Instrument Co. Ltd., Cambridge, England | Stop Start | [diagram of Wheatstone Bridge] | C108957 | Made in England
[foil label on wooden base] Cambridge | Instrument Co.| Ossining, N.Y. | No.
Location
The location of the interview
Fisher Hall, physics storage
Physical Dimensions
The actual physical size of the original image
[base] 177mm x 202mm width x 14mm (h)
[cylinder] 148mm diameter x 53mm (h)
[binding posts] 15mm diam., 20mm (h)
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Wheatstone Bridge
Subject
The topic of the resource
electricity, physics
Description
An account of the resource
<strong>Physical Description</strong><br />A circular brass cylinder on a thin steel plate mounted on a wooden board, screwed into a base wooden plate at three spots: the top and bottom two corners. Two brass knobs at the bottom front of the wooden plate can be loosened and tightened. These knobs have ribbed edges and are binding post terminals. It would appear that wires come out of the bottom of the cylinder through the wooden board and attached to the binding posts from the bottom. A lever at the left top of the brass cylinder rotates to start and stop. A small square pin sticks slightly out of a small hole in the middle bottom of the base. The wooden plate also has small holes in each corner.<br /><br /><strong>Funcitonal Description</strong><br />It would appear that one winds up a spring inside using the square shaft/socket on the front like winding a clock (We did not attempt to work the machine, as it no longer has its key). The switch at the left then allows the spring to turn a rotor inside that spins inside a set of permanent magnets, which would create alternating current. Presumably, then, the Wheatstone bridge rectifier turns the AC into DC and the DC current could be tapped from the two binding post terminals on the front. But the fact that the diagram on top of the case shows resistors rather than diodes makes this interpretation less ceratin.
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
c.1890s-1910
Language
A language of the resource
English
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
physical object
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
United Kingdom
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
C 108957.
Property tags(? not MTU): 2900 and 12501, the latter on the plastic pressure tape (Dymo was one brand) that was popular from the 1970s-1980s
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Timothy Maze, Liam Anderson, Zach Nicholas, Peter Amundsen; expanded by Steven A. Walton
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Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Gaertner Scientific Co. 1926 advert for colored flame burner
Subject
The topic of the resource
Chemistry
Physics
Combustion
Atomizer
Description
An account of the resource
This advertisement appeared in the advertising supplement in <em>Scientific American</em> on June 30, 1926, p. vii. The description of the flame tester is as follows:<br /><blockquote><strong>L568</strong>. <strong>Colored flame burner</strong>. A Bunsen burner, a vessel for solution and an atomizer are mounted together. The atomizer when attached to an air supply blows a fine spray of the solution in the gas, giving a bright, broad flame with the color characteristic of the salt used. The flame if viewed edgewise gives considerable intensity. All metal parts exposed to the solution or heavy porcelain enameled ... $8.50</blockquote>
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
The Gaertner Scientific Company, Chicago, IL
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Scientific American, via JSTOR
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1926
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Henry Roell and Garvin Huntley
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
out of copyright.
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
JPG, 3911 × 2864
Language
A language of the resource
English
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
periodical advertisement
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Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Physics
Description
An account of the resource
Historic scientific instruments held by the Department of Physics, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, MI, USA.
Physical Object
Use this field for any solid object.
Materials
porcelain, glass, rubber, cork, nickeled steel
Maker
Gaertner Scientific Corporation, Chicago [now in Skokie], IL
Inscriptions
[etched on glass] Gaertner, Chicago
History of the Object
The Gaertner Scientific Corporation was founded in 1896.
Location
The location of the interview
Fisher Hall, physics storage room
Physical Dimensions
The actual physical size of the original image
11cm width x 20cm tall x 12.5 cm length (exhaust stem)
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Colored Flame Burner
Subject
The topic of the resource
Chemistry
Atomizer
Combustion
Description
An account of the resource
<strong>Physical Description<br /></strong>A small glass jar captured between a porcelain base and a porcelain cap, the latter of which is held on the top of the glass jar with a rubber gasket. A blown glass tube enters the glass jar from the side by means of a rubber stopper and a second tube is built into the porcelain top. On the top, a fan shaped aperture (burner?) is mounted.<br />Object has a tin fume/exhaust fanout on the top connected to the body by a white ceramic chute. The chute is connected to a white ceramic lid with a port branching out at the base of the exhaust chute creating a T-shaped pipeway. The top has two curved hooks that guide metal pins to the base of the object. The base consists of a white ceramic donut with a ring gasket in the center that a glass chamber sits on. The pins hold the lid in place with metal thumb screws. The glass chamber is a cylinder with a hole on the side. An L-shaped glass tube sits in the hole and the surrounding space of the hole is filled with a rubber and cork stopper. The part of the L-shaped tube that sits in the chamber has orange staining on the bottom. <strong><br /><br />Funcitonal Description</strong> <br />The function of this apparatus has not been tested, but it is believed that a combustible gas is pumped into the chanber from the tube in the porcelain top, while some ofther gas is admitted from the tube in the stoppered side. The gasses then mix inside the glass jar and the top fan is a burner that allow for flame tests (color and steadiness, perhaps) to be performed.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Henry Roell and Garven Huntley, with cataloging by Gary Spikberg, Andrew Merdzinski, Andrew Stanley, Nick Lesko and additions and corrections by Steven A. Walton
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1920s?
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
physical object
Language
A language of the resource
n/a
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
none
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
USA
-
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Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Physics
Description
An account of the resource
Historic scientific instruments held by the Department of Physics, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, MI, USA.
Physical Object
Use this field for any solid object.
Materials
wood, bakelite, copper wiring, glass, felt
Maker
Weston Electrical Instrument Co., Newark, NJ
Inscriptions
[top, in meter] WESTON DIRECT CURRENT VOLTMETER <br />[top] WESTON ELECTRICAL INSTRUMENT CO. | NEWARK, N.J. U.S.A | PATENTED NOV. 6TH 1888 | No. | 11360 <br />[top - painted] J161a<br />[top button] 150<br />[front face] PATENTED | NOVEMBER 6. 1888. | No. <a href="https://patentimages.storage.googleapis.com/e9/ea/38/cc03cdff5498c5/US392386.pdf">392.386</a> and No. <a href="https://patentimages.storage.googleapis.com/94/71/7e/a38998e499a79b/US392387.pdf">392.387</a>. | April 29. 1890 No. <a href="https://patentimages.storage.googleapis.com/02/51/0c/3c17829486f306/US427022.pdf">427.022</a>. | Feb. 17. 1891. No. <a href="https://patentimages.storage.googleapis.com/c8/54/f6/a97f2ac2f2bb90/US446489.pdf">446.489</a>. | OCT. 4. 1898. No. <a href="https://patentimages.storage.googleapis.com/63/b7/05/4386edfcbeb9f5/US611722.pdf">611.722</a>. | DESIGN PATENTS | JUNE 10. 1890. | No. 19.895 and No. 19.896. | MAR. 22. 1898. No. 28.393.<br />[meter scale - black] 0 to 150 by 1s<br />[meter scale - red] 0 to 15 by 0.1s<br />[front side adjustment screw] 0 | CORRECTION<br />[right side lables] 40677 | 2900<br />[top side brass plate] MCMT-8896<br />[case top lables] 2900 | 40677<br />[case stamped letters] PL 5541 | VOLT 3 | 15
Location
The location of the interview
Fisher Hall, physics storage room
Physical Dimensions
The actual physical size of the original image
Overall: 315mm x 300mm x 230mm
Box: 325mm x 345mm x 100mm
Glass window: 40mm diam
Knobs: 15mm diam
Bibliography
“Weston Electrical Instrument Corp.” Weston Electrical Instrument Corp. FTL Design, January 2, 2017. http://weston.ftldesign.com/.
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
DC Voltmeter, Model 1, NO. 5541
Subject
The topic of the resource
Physics
Electricity
Description
An account of the resource
<strong>Physical Description</strong><br />A Wooden/Brass Instrument that is housed in a Wooden box with a lock on the top and a leather handle on the side attached by two metal fasteners. The tool itself has a dial separated into increments of 10. It has 3 black plastic knobs that can be unscrewed and a button/switch on the front face. It also has multiple model numbers and a calibration screw on the bottom<br /><br /><strong>Functional Description</strong><br />Measures the DC Voltage between 2 inputs, an optional 3rd input can be used as well. The DC Voltage Potential between the inputs is displayed by the dial on the front of the instrument. The instrument itself is rated for 150V maximum and 3V minimum. The box for the instrument serves as a carrying case as well as a protective shield to the outside environment.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Timothy Maze, Liam Anderson, Zach Nicholas, Peter Amundsen with additions by Steven A. Walton
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
late 1890s or early 1900s; July 12, 1930
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
physical object
Language
A language of the resource
Enlglish
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
painted inventory no. on front: J161a
Model 1, NO. 5541; 40677, 2900, MCMT-8896
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
USA
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Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Physics
Description
An account of the resource
Historic scientific instruments held by the Department of Physics, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, MI, USA.
Physical Object
Use this field for any solid object.
Materials
wood, steel, brass, insulator (fabric)
Maker
Queen & Co., Philadelphia, PA
History of the Object
<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_W._Queen_%26_Company">James W. Queen & Co.</a> was an optical and scientific instrument company in Philadelphia, founded in 1853 (but traded under the name of "Queen & Co." in 1893-1912. See also the <a href="http://www.americanartifacts.com/smma/survey/qsci.htm">article on the company</a> from <i>Scientific American</i><span>, April 28, 1888 and <a href="https://www.sil.si.edu/DigitalCollections/trade-literature/scientific-instruments/CF/SIsingle-record.cfm?AuthorizedCompany=James%20W.%20Queen%20%26%20Company" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">trade catalogs</a> (too early for this instrument, but intersting)</span>
Location
The location of the interview
Fisher Hall, Physics storage
Bibliography
See US patent 843,414, "<a href="https://patentimages.storage.googleapis.com/69/57/ff/05adde4b4d3db7/US843414.pdf">Optical reading device for electrical measuring instruments</a>," Feb 5, 1907
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
magnetic field apparatus
Subject
The topic of the resource
physics
electromagnetism
Description
An account of the resource
<strong>Physical description<br /><br /><br />Funcitonal description<br /><br /></strong>
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Steven A. Walton
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1907-1912
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
physical object
Language
A language of the resource
English
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
USA